Year '''1848''' ('''MDCCCXLVIII''') was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).

1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions that swept Europe and the world, starting in France. They significantly altered the political and philosophical landscape and had major ramifications throughout the rest of the century.

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==Events of 1848==
thumb|[[February 2: The Mexican–American War and ceding all the Republic of Texas's territorial claims to the United States for $15m.]]
thumb|[[February 21: Karl Marx publishes ''The Communist Manifesto''.]]
thumb|[[April 10: "Monster Rally" of Chartists held on Kennington Common in London; the first photograph of a crowd depicts it.]]
thumb|[[May 29: Wisconsin admitted as the 30th U.S. state.]]
thumb|[[July 26: Matale Rebellion begins in Sri Lanka.]]
thumb|[[September 12: The Swiss Confederation reconstitutes itself as a federal republic.]]
thumb|[[November 7: The first US presidential election held in every state on the same day sees Whig Democrat Lewis Cass of Michigan.]]

===January - March===
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* president of the independent African Republic of Liberia.
* Palermo rising in Bourbon kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
* January 24 - California Gold Rush: James W. Marshall finds gold at Sutter's Mill, in Coloma, California.
* January 31 - The Washington Monument is established.
* Mexican–American War: The southwest of that country.
*Roman Republic, soon to be led by Giuseppe Mazzini, though it would last only four months.
* February 21 - Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels publish ''The Communist Manifesto''.
* revolt erupts against the king Louis Philippe. Two days later he abdicates, leading to the Second Republic.
*March - Artisans and factory workers explode in Berlin.
* Carlo Alberto di Savoia signs the ''Statuto Albertino'' that will represent the first constitution of the Kingdom of Sardinia and later of unified Italy.
* March 7 - The Great Mahele (land division) is signed in Hawaii.
* March 10 - The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ending the Mexican-American War, is ratified by the United States Senate. (cf. February 2, above.)
* March 11 - Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine and Robert Baldwin become the first Prime Ministers of the Province of Canada to be democratically elected under a system of responsible government.
* Revolution breaks out in Hungary. The Habsburg rulers are compelled to meet the demands of the Reform Party. 
* 19, ''Marsoroligheterna'', in Swedish king, Oscar I gives the guards order to shoot at the demonstrators.
* March 20 - King Ludwig I of Bavaria abdicates.
*March 20 - Serfdom is abolished in Austria.
*March 21 - Frederick William IV promises to grant Prussia a liberal constitution and to merge Prussia into a new national German state.
* March 23 - Province of Otago in New Zealand is founded.

===April - June===
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* April 10 
**Chartist 'Monster Rally' held in Kennington Park London, headed by Feargus O'Connor. A petition demanding the franchise is presented to parliament.
**A bridge collapses in Great Yarmouth, England, leaving 250 dead.
* May 1 - Phi Gamma Delta founded at Washington & Jefferson College.
* Radicals invade the French Chamber of deputies.
* German Nationalversammlung) in  Frankfurt, Germany.
* Mexican government. (cf. February 2, above.) 
* May 29 - Wisconsin is admitted as the 30th U.S. state.
*June 17 - Austrian army bombards Prague and crushes a working class revolt.
*June 22 - French government dissolves the national workshops in Paris, giving the workers the choice of joining the army or going to workshops in the provinces.

===July - September===
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* Bloomers" are introduced at the feminist convention.
* British rule in Sri Lanka.
* British rule is put-down by a government police force.
* August 17 - Yucatán officially united with Mexico.
* August 19 - California Gold Rush: The ''New York Herald'' breaks the news to the East Coast of the United States that there is a gold rush in California (although the rush started in January).
* French parliament as a representative of Guadaloupe.
* democratic states in Europe.
* September 13 - One Phineas Gage of the Vermont Burlington Railroad astounds medical professionals by accidentally driving a 3-foot rail spike through his head, but still remained alive and apparently unharmed.
===October - December===
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* October 28 - In Catalonia, Spain, inauguration of the Barcelona-Mataró railroad route, the first to be constructed in all the Iberian Peninsula.
* November 1 - In Boston, Massachusetts, the first medical school for women, The Boston Female Medical School (which later merged with Boston University School of Medicine), opens.
* Dutch constitution proclaimed.
* November 4 - France ratifies a new constitution. The Second Republic of France is set up, ending the state of temporary government lasting since the Revolution of 1848.
* Whig Democrat Lewis Cass of Michigan in the first US presidential election held in every state on the same day.
* Ferdinand I, Franz Josef I.
* Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte elected first president of the French Second Republic.
* December 18 - Founding of Punta Arenas, the first mayor settlement in the Strait of Magellan.
* December 20 - President Bonaparte takes his Oath of Office in front of the French National Assembly.
* December 26 - Phi Delta Theta Fraternity was founded.

===Undated===
*The liberal governments, from Brazil to Hungary.
* Cholera epidemic in New York kills 5000.
* Associated Press founded in New York.
* Queen's College for women founded in London.
* Boston Public Library is founded by an act of the Great and General Court of Massachusetts.
* Shaker song ''Simple Gifts'' is written by Joseph Brackett in Alfred, Maine.
* First railway in km).
* Illinois and Michigan Canal is completed.
* Independent Republic of Maya population.
* John Bird Sumner becomes archbishop of Canterbury.
* British, Dutch, and German governments lay claim to New Guinea.
* Nevelskoi explores Strait of Tartary.
* Scots settlers.
* University of Ottawa is founded.
* University of Mississippi is founded.
* University of Wisconsin-Madison is founded.
* Geneva College in Pennsylvania is founded.
* Elizabeth Gaskell publishes ''Mary Barton'' anonymously.
* Richard Wagner begins writing libretto that will become ''Der Ring des Nibelungen'' (''The Ring of the Nibelung'').
* Rhodes College is founded.
*Prince Klemens von Metternich ends his work as Austrian foreign minister.
*Potato crop fails in Ireland.
*Great Britain's first public health law, which created a national health board and gave cities broad authority to build modern sanitary systems, is passed.

==Ongoing events==
* Mexican-American War (1846-1848)
* Irish Potato Famine (1845-1849)

==Births==

===January - June===
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* January 6 - Hristo Botev, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1876)
* January 19 - John F. Stairs, Canadian businessman and statesman (d. 1904)
* Henri Duparc, French composer (d. 1933)
* January 27 - Togo Heihachiro, Japanese admiral (d. 1934)
*February 5 
**Joris-Karl Huysmans, French author (d. 1907)
**Belle Starr, American outlaw (d. 1889)
* February 8 - Joel Chandler Harris, American journalist and author (d. 1908)
* February 14 - Benjamin Baillaud, French astronomer (d. 1934)
* February 16 - Octave Mirbeau, French art critic and novelist (d. 1917)
* February 18 - Louis Comfort Tiffany, American glass artist (d. 1933)
*February 24
**Grant Allen, Canadian author (d. 1899)
**Andrew Inglis Clark, Tasmanian politician (d. 1907)
* February 27 - Hubert Parry, English composer (d. 1918)
* March 3 - Adelaide Neilson, English actress (d. 1880)
* March 19 - Wyatt Earp, American lawman and gunfighter (d. 1929)
* Viscount William Astor, British financier and statesman (d. 1919)
* April 7 - Randall Thomas Davidson, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1930)
* April 10 - Hubertine Auclert, French feminist (d. 1914)
* May 23 - Otto Lilienthal, German engineer (d. 1896)
* June 7 - Paul Gauguin, French artist (d. 1903)

===July - December=== <!-- BIRTHS -->
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* July 6 - Gabor Baross, Hungarian statesman (d. 1892)
* July 9 - Robert I, Duke of Parma, last ruling Duke of Parma (d. 1907)
* July 15 - Vilfredo Pareto, Italian economist (d. 1923)
* July 18 - W. G. Grace, cricketer (d. 1915)
* July 22
**Winfield Scott Stratton, American miner (d. 1902)
**Adolf Friedrich V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1914)
* July 25 
**George Robert Aberigh-Mackay, Anglo-Indian writer (d. 1881)
**Arthur James Balfour, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1930)
* coinventor of the light bulb and telephone (d. 1928)
*October 3 - Henry Lerolle, French painter (d. 1929)
* November 8 - Gottlob Frege, German logician (d. 1925)
* November 12 - Eduard Müller, member of the Swiss Federal Council (d. 1919)
* November 13 - Albert I, Prince of Monaco (d. 1922)
* November 28 - Henry Lomb, German-American optician who co-founded Bausch & Lomb (d. 1908)
* December 6 - Johann Palisa, Austrian astronomer (d. 1925)

: ''See also :Category: 1848 births.''

==Deaths==
===January - June===
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* January 19 - Isaac D'Israeli, English author (b. 1766)
* Christian VIII, King of Denmark (b. 1786)
* February 15 - Hermann von Boyen, Prussian field marshal (b. 1771)
* February 23 - John Quincy Adams, 6th President of the United States (b. 1767)
* March 29 - John Jacob Astor, American businessman (b. 1763)
* April 8 - Gaetano Donizetti, Italian composer (b. 1797)
* May 25 - Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, German writer (b. 1797)
* June 27 - Denis Auguste Affre, Archbishop of Paris (b. 1793)

===July - December=== <!-- DEATHS -->
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* July 4 - François-René de Chateaubriand, French writer and diplomat (b. 1768)
*August 3 - Edward Baines, British newspaperman and politician (b. 1774)
* August 7 - Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Swedish chemist (b. 1779)
* August 12 - George Stephenson, English locomotive pioneer (b. 1781)
* August 30 - Simon Willard, celebrated American horologist (b. 1753)
*September 24 - Branwell Brontë, painter and poet, brother of novelists Charlotte, Emily and Anne (b. 1817)
* November 9 - Robert Blum, German politician (b. 1810)
*November 10 - Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt, military leader (b. 1789)
* John Barrow, English statesman (b. 1764)
* November 24 - William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1779)
*December 1 - Kyokutei Bakin, Japanese author (b. 1767)
* December 19 - Emily Brontë, English author (b. 1818)

: ''See also :Category: 1848 deaths.''

 

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{|align=left width=100%
|valign=top width=100%|<center> <big> rok 1848  / MDCCCXLVIII </big></center>

<center>XVIII wiek · '''XIX wiek''' · XX wiek <br />
1846 « 1847 « '''1848''' » 1849 » 1850 <br />&nbsp;<br /></center>

<center>__TOC__</center>

===  ===
<!-- PROSZĘ PISAĆ W CZASIE PRZESZŁYM! -->
*Uwłaszczenie w zaborze austriackim
*29 kwietnia - Bitwa pod Książem
*1 maja - Bitwa pod Miłosławiem w Poznańskiem.
*Jakuba Krotowskiego-Krauthofera
*8 maja - Upadek Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej Mosińskiej
*Poznaniu odjechał pierwszy pociąg do Stargardu Szczecińskiego. Podróż trwała 7 godz. 5 min.
*W Krakowie ukazał się pierwszy numer dziennika informacyjno-politycznego "Czas".
*W Szydłowcu założono browar produkcji masowej.

===  ===
<!-- PROSZĘ PISAĆ W CZASIE PRZESZŁYM! -->
*2 stycznia - 4 stycznia - niepokoje rewolucyjne w Wenecji
*12 stycznia - rewolucja w Palermo

*Stanami Zjednoczonymi Pakt Guadalupe-Hidalgo, kończący wojnę między tymi dwoma krajami.
*W Europie rozpoczyna się Wiosna Ludów.
*Francji wybucha rewolucja.
*24 lutego - W Londynie opublikowano "Manifest Komunistyczny".
*11 marca - początek czeskiego wrzenia rewolucyjnego 
*Węgrzech w Peszcie wybucha Powstanie węgierskie. W rocznicę tego wydarzenia Węgry obchodzą święto narodowe.
*18-mediolańczyków przeciwko wojskom 
austriackim (wł. Cinque giornate di Milano).
*18 marca - walki w Berlinie
*Król Bawarii, Ludwik I Wittelsbach abdykował na rzecz swego syna Maksymiliana II.
*24 marca - wybuchła wojna włosko-austriacka 
*Adama Mickiewicza we Włoszech powstała formacja wojskowa zwana Legionem Mickiewicza.
*7 kwietnia - utworzenie parlamentu węgierskiego
*planetoidę 9 Metis.
*Piusa IV wobec Wiosny Ludów
*25 kwietnia - ogłoszenie konstytucji w Austrii 
*Wiedniu
*18 maja - początek obrad parlamentu ogólnoniemieckiego w Frankfurcie nad Menem
*29 maja - powstanie czeskiego Rządu Tymczasowego
*Pradze rozpoczynają się obrady kongresu słowiańskiego.
*5 czerwca - nadano konstytucję w Danii
*bitwie pod Custozzą austriackie wojska pokonały siły króla Sardynii.
* Fryderyka Chopina.
*konstytucję II republiki.
*Cesarz Austrii, Ferdynand I Habsburg abdykował. Jego miejsce zajął Franciszek Józef I.
*Ludwik Napoleon Bonaparte został wybrany prezydentem Francji.

===  ===
* 7 czerwca - Paul Gauguin - malarz francuski (zm. 1903)
* Jerozolimy, kardynał (zm. 1921)
* Albert I, książę Monako (zm. 1922)
* 17 października - Wiktor Gomulicki, poeta i pisarz (zm. 1919)
*23 maja - Otto Lilienthal, pionier szybownictwa, lotnik (zm. 1896)
===  ===
*prezydent USA
*8 kwietnia - Gaetano Donizetti, włoski kompozytor operowy
*Wissarion Grigoriewicz Bieliński, teoretyk kierunku rewolucyjnego demokratyzmu
*6 lipca - Karol Godula - znany przedsiębiorca śląski
*7 sierpnia - Jöns Jacob Berzelius, szwedzki chemik, lekarz (* 1779)
*lokomotywy parowej
*19 grudnia - Emily Brontë, angielska pisarka

===  ===
*Tłusty czwartek: 2 marca
*Ostatki: 7 marca
*Popielec: 8 marca
*Niedziela Palmowa: 16 kwietnia
*Wielki Czwartek: 20 kwietnia
*Wielki Piątek: 21 kwietnia
*Wielka Sobota: 22 kwietnia
*Wielkanoc: 23 kwietnia
*Poniedziałek Wielkanocny: 24 kwietnia
*Wniebowstąpienie: 1 czerwca
*Zesłanie Ducha Świętego: 11 czerwca
*Boże Ciało: 22 czerwca

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