{{Infobox chess player
|playername = Gata Kamsky
|image = 220px
|caption=
|birthname = Gata Rustemovich Kamsky
|country = 
|datebirth = 
|placebirth = Novokuznetsk, Russia
|datedeath =
|placedeath =
|title = Grandmaster
|worldchampion =
|womensworldchampion =
|rating = 2723<br /><small>(No. 17 on the July 2008 FIDE ratings list)</small>
|peakrating =2745 (July 1996)
}}
'''Gata Kamsky''' () (born American FIDE-rated games between 1997 and late 2004. He is rated 2723 in the July 2008 FIDE list, ranking him seventeenth in the world and first among American players. 

== Early career ==
Kamsky was born in Röstäm (also spelled Rustam). Gata's last name, Kamsky, is derived from the stage nickname of his grandparents who were members of the Tatar traveling theater group. 

In 1990, while aged 16 and still untitled, he played in the 64-player Interzonal tournament, the first step towards the World Chess Championship. He finished with 5.5 / 13.<ref>[http://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/9193$iix.htm 1990 Interzonal], Mark Weeks' Chess Pages</ref>

In 1990, grandmaster title. In 1991, he won the U.S. Championship. 
Kamsky also did well at other prestigious chess tournaments, winning the Las Palmas tournament in 1994.

Fernando Arrabal, Camilo José Cela, Milan Kundera and eight other intellectuals in 1994 demanded, "In order for us to fully enjoy Gata Kamsky’s talent, abuse towards the Kamskys must end." Besides, the dramaturge Fernando Arrabal managed to gather $120,000 to help the young imigrant, who hardly could make a living in Brooklyn. Gata declared "We have tender special feelings for Arrabal. Not only has he lent us a hand when we were going through hard times, he is also a man of exception, a God gift sent to us."

== World Championship Candidate (1993-1996) ==
In 1993, the rival organisations FIDE and PCA each held Interzonal tournaments. Kamsky played in both, and in both cases qualified for the respective Candidates Tournaments. The Candidates tournaments were largely dominated by Kamsky and Viswanathan Anand.

In the first round of the 1994-95 FIDE Candidates matches, Kamsky beat Paul van der Sterren (+3=3−1). Kamsky's quarter-final match against Anand, held in July and August 1994 in Sanghi Nagar, India, was more dramatic. After draws in the first two games, Anand won the next two games to take an imposing 3–1 lead. Game 5 was drawn. Kamsky then scored 4.5–.5 in the remaining five games to win the match 6–4 (+4=4−2). In the semi-final, held in Sanghi Nagar in February 1995, Kamsky routed Valery Salov 5.5–1.5 (+4=3−0).

In 1996, Kamsky played a 20-game match against Anatoly Karpov for the FIDE World Chess Championship 1996 title at Elista in Kalmykia, losing 7.5–10.5 (+3=9−6).

In the 1994-95 PCA Candidates matches, Kamsky beat Vladimir Kramnik in the quarter-finals in New York in June, 1994. In September, 1994 Kamsky beat Nigel Short in the semi-finals in Linares, Spain. In the March 1995 final against Anand in Las Palmas, the FIDE result was reversed, with Kamsky losing (+1=7−3).

In the September 1994 match against Short, there was a highly publicized confrontation between Kamsky's father, Rustam Kamsky, and Short.<ref>[http://groups.google.com.au/group/rec.games.chess/browse_thread/thread/894867ff4aec6414/500aee5e0ceffba2 PCA Candidates Report], The Week in Chess, Issue 3, 1 Oct 1994</ref> <ref>[http://www.chessninja.com/dailydirt/2006/10/kamskyshort_19942006.htm Kamsky-Short, 1994/2006], The Daily Dirt Chess Blog, Mig Greengard, 10 Oct 2006. Includes a posted response by Gata Kamsky</ref>

== Inactivity (1996-2004) ==
After losing the match to Karpov, Kamsky gave up chess. He graduated from Brooklyn College in 1999. Later he attended medical school for a year. He then attended and graduated from law school.

Kamsky's next rated games after his loss to Karpov were in 1999, when he returned to play in the FIDE Knockout World Championship event in Las Vegas, where he played a two-game match against Alexander Khalifman. Kamsky won the first game, lost the second game, and then lost the rapid play-off games.

{{Infobox biographie
| nom               =Gata Kamsky<br/>Ğataulla Kamski
| image             =Gata Kamsky.jpg
| tailleimage(en px)=250
| nomofficiel       =
| surnom            =
| datedenaissance   =
| lieudenaissance   =URSS
| datededeces       =
| ageaudecès        =
| lieudedeces       =
| nationalite       =<br/>
| metier            = Joueur d'échecs
| occupation        =
| formation         =
| hommage           =
| autresfonctions   =
| note              =
| famille           =
| legende           =
}}
'''Gata Roustemovitch Kamsky''' (en tatare Ğataulla Kamski; né le 2 juin 1974 à Novokouznetsk en Sibérie - ) est un joueur d'échecs soviétique puis américain. grand maître international, il était 3 joueur mondial à son sommet.

En avril 2008, il est classé 15 joueur mondial avec un classement Elo de 2726 et 1 joueur américain.

== Biographie ==
Kamsky est né à tatare. Il a gagné le championnat d'URSS des moins de vingt ans deux fois avant ses quinze ans.  En 1989, il émigre aux États-Unis avec son père Röstäm. Son père est un ancien boxeur, paranoïaque et violent<ref name="cyberpresse"> [http://www.cyberpresse.ca/article/20070728/CPSPORTS/707280691/5157/CPSPORTS Le Tatar de Brooklyn]</ref>, qui va jusqu'à menacer de mort Nigel Short au cours d'un match qui oppose le champion anglais à son fils en 1994<ref>[http://susanpolgar.blogspot.com/2007/07/shorts-take-on-kamsky-from-montreal.html Interview de Nigel Short]</ref><ref>[http://groups.google.com.au/group/rec.games.chess/browse_thread/thread/894867ff4aec6414/500aee5e0ceffba2 The Week in Chess 3]</ref><ref>[http://www.chessninja.com/dailydirt/2006/10/kamskyshort_19942006.htm The Daily Dirt] 10 octobre 2006 : Kamsky-Short, 1994/2006</ref>.

En 1990, Kamsky devient Elo. En 1991, il gagne le championnat des États-Unis. Il a aussi eu de bons résultats dans les tournois les plus prestigieux, gagnant notamment le tournoi de prodiges aux échecs.

En 1996, Kamsky joue un match de 20 parties contre champion du monde FIDE, à Elista en Kalmoukie, sous les auspices de la Fédération internationale des échecs. Il perd sur le score de 7,5 contre 10,5 (+3-6=9). 

Après cette défaite, il arrête les échecs. Il obtient un diplôme du Brooklyn College en 1999, puis étudie la médecine pendant un an, avant de s'orienter vers le droit.

Entre 1996 et fin 2004, Kamsky ne jouait plus de partie officielle, quand il revint participer au championnat du monde FIDE 1999 de Las Vegas, où il fût éliminé par Alexander Khalifman au départage.

Il ne joua plus jusqu'au 15 juin 2004, où il participa au ''New York Masters'', à cadence rapide. Ses succès furent mitigés. Il retourna à la cadence classique lors du championnat des États-Unis 2005 où il fait un score raisonnable, sans être spectaculaire, de 5,5/9.

Lors de la coupe du monde FIDE, il se qualifie pour le prochain cycle du championnat du monde. En 8 de finale du tournoi des candidats en juin 2007, il bat le Français Étienne Bacrot. 