thumb|Alberto Moravia
'''Alberto Moravia''', pseudonim d'''Alberto Pincherle'' (nascut a Roma lo 28 de novembre de 1907 e mòrt lo 26 de setembre de 1990) èra un important escrivan e poèta italian.

==Biografia==
===Las primièras annadas de sa vida===
Alberto Pincherle (Moravia es de fach lo nom d'ostal de sa grand) nasquèt a la Via Sgambati a Roma dins una familha borgesa rica. Son paire Carlo, d'origina josieva, èra arquitècte e pintor. La maire Teresa Iginia De Marsanich èra d'Ancona mas teniá d'originas dalmatas. Èra lo tresen de quatre enfants, entre sas sòrres ainadas Adriana e Elena e son fraire cabdèt Gastone.

===Los estudis e la malautiá===
Capitèt pas de far d'estudis complets que quand passèt los nòu ans foguèt atacat per una mena de tuberculòsi ossosa que l'obliguèt de demorar al lièch gaireben cinc ans, tres a son ostal e dos dins lo sanatòri Codivilla a Cortina d'Ampezzo.</br>
Moravia èra un dròlle d'intelligéncia viva, que ja que podiá pas aver la literària e culturala en s'assabentar de las tendéncias de la europèa de son temps. </br>Demest sos autors preferits cal citar Fëdor Dostojeskij, Joyce, Goldoni, Mallarmé e fòrça autres. Aprenguèt aisidament lo francés e l'alemand e comencèt d'escriure de vèrses en francés e en italian. </br>

===Las primièras òbras e las primièras coneissenças===
En 1925, sortit del sanatòri, recatosi a Bressanone per sa convalescéncia e i entamenèt l'escritura de ''Gli indifferenti''.
</br> Foguèt en aquel temps que coneguèt Corrado Alvaro e Massimo Bontempelli e en 1927 comencèt a collaborar a la revista '900. I publiquèt sos primièrs racontes coma per exemple la ''Cortigiana stanca'', que sortiguèt en francés (''Lassitude de courtisane'') en 1927, ''Delitto al circolo del tennis'' en 1928, ''Il ladro curioso'' e ''Apparizione'' en 1929.

===Son primièr roman: Gli indifferenti===
En 1929, aprèp fòrça dificultats, capitèt de publicar, en ne pagar personalament las despensas, son primièr roman ''Gli indifferenti'' (Los indiferents) en cò de l'editor milanés Alpes. Aquel roman obtenguèt d'ausida una bona critica e foguèt considerat coma un dels experiments mai interessants de narrativa italiana d'aquela epòca. L'estructura teatrala 'en blòcs' del roman èra plan alinhada sul gost literari francés d'aquel temps.

===La collaboracion als jornals e lo regim fascista===
En 1930 comencèt sa collaboracion a La Stampa, dirigida alara per Curzio Malaparte e en 1933 fondèt, amb Mario Pannunzio, la revista "Caratteri", que veirà lum per sonque quatre numèros, e la revista Oggi. </br> Encara en 1933 entamenèt sa collaboracion amb la Gazzetta del Popolo, mas lo regim fascista avversò son òbra en n'evitar las recensioni a ''Le ambizioni sbagliate'', sequestrando ''La mascherata'' e en empachar la publicacion d'''Agostino''.
===Lo viatge en America===
En America ont, convidat per Prezzolini, d'aquel temps director de la Casa Italiana de l'Universitat Columbia de Nòva York, faguèt qualques conferéncias sul roman italian.
===La tornada en Itàlia e la censura del regim===
Un còp tornat en Itàlia escriguèt un libre de racontes longs de títol ''L'imbroglio'' que foguèt publicat per Bompiani en 1937.</br>
Per defugir la censura del regim Moravia escriguèt pendent los ans del fascisme de racontes allegorics e surrealistics, dels que i a ''I sogni del pigro'' publicat en 1940 e en 1941 lo roman ''La mascherata'' que pasmens foguèt sequestrato a l'ocasion de la segonda edicion. A partir d'aquel moment foguèt obligat a publicar sos articles dins de jornals e dins de revistas en far servir un pseudonim.

===Lo maridatge amb Elsa Morante===
En 1941 se maridèt amb l'escrivana Elsa Morante qu'aviá conegut en 1936 e amb ela visquèt un long temps a Capri ont escriguèt lo roman ''Agostino''.

===Lo tresen roman: ''La ciociara''===
Aprèp los eveniments de l'8 de setembre de 1943 se refugièt amb sa femna a Fondi, a Ciociaria e d'aquela experiéncia ne sortiguèt lo roman ''La ciociara''.</br>
En 1944 foguèron publicats los racontes de ''L'epidemia'' e l' ensag ''La Speranza, ovvero Cristianesimo e Comunismo''.

===La Liberacion e lo retorn a l'activitat literària===
Tre l'anóncia de la Liberacion l'escritor tornèt a Roma e prenguèt tornar son activitat literària e jornalistica en collaborar amb Corrado Alvaro a "Il Popolo di Roma", a "Il Mondo", a l'"Europeo" e subretot al "Corriere della Sera" ont sarà presente fins a la mòrt con e sos ''reportatges'', sas reflexions criticas e sos racontes.<br\>
Los ans que seguiguèron la pòstguèrra vedranno aumentar la fortuna literària e cinematografica de l'escrivan que publiquèt ''La romana'' (1947), los racontes ''La disubbidienza'' (1948), ''L'amore coniugale e altri racconti'' (1949) e lo roman ''Il conformista'' (1951)

===Lo prèmi Strega e l'activitat cinematografica===
En 1952 li foguèt decernit lo prèmi Strega per ''I racconti'' e tre aquel moment s'entamenèron las traduccions de sos romans a l'estrangièr e tanben la realizacion de films traches de sos racontes e romans.

Sarà del La provinciale amb la regia di La romana del Racconti romani de Gianni Franciolini.

===La fondacion de la revista "Nuovi Argomenti"===
En 1953 fondèt amb Alberto Carrocci la revista Nuovi Argomenti que ne venguèt lo redactor e i aviá coma collaborador l'amic Pier Paolo Pasolini.

===Lo prèmi Marzotto===
En Brancati e a ''Passeggiate romane'' de Stendhal.
===La collaboracion a l'Espresso===
En cinematografica, le cui recensions foguèron publicadas en 1975 dins un volum titolat ''Al cinema''.

===''La noia'' e lo prèmi Viareggio===
En La noia'' li foguèt guerdonat lo La ciociara.

thumb|Alberto Moravia.
'''Alberto Moravia''', born '''Alberto Pincherle''', (Italian novelists of the twentieth century whose novels explore matters of modern sexuality, social alienation, and existentialism.

He is best known for his anti-fascist novel ''Il Conformista'' (''The Conformist'' (1970) by Contempt'') (1963); ''La Noia'' (''Boredom''), filmed with that title by Damiano Damiani in 1963 and released in the US as ''The Empty Canvas'' in 1964; and ''La Ciociara'' filmed by Vittorio de Sica as ''Two Women'' (1960).

==Biography==
===Early years===
Alberto Pincherle (the pen-name "Moravia" is the surname of his maternal grandfather) was born on Via Sgambati in Rome, Italy, to a wealthy middle-class family. His Jewish father, Carlo, was an architect and a painter. His Catholic mother, Teresa Iginia de Marsanich, was from Ancona, but of Dalmatian origin.

Moravia did not finish conventional schooling because, at the age of nine, he contracted Joyce, Goldoni, Mallarmé. He learned French and German, and wrote poems in both languages.

In 1925 he left the sanatorium and moved to Brixen, where he wrote his first novel, ''Gli Indifferenti'' (''Time of Indifference''), published in 1929. The novel is a realistic analysis of the moral decadence of a middle-class mother and two of her children. In 1927, Moravia met Corrado Alvaro and Massimo Bontempelli, and started his career as a journalist with the magazine ''900'', which published his first short stories, including "La Cortigiana Stanca" ("The Tired Courtesan" or in French as "Lassitude de Courtisane", 1927), "Delitto al Circolo del Tennis" ("Crime at the Tennis Club") (1928), "Il Ladro Curioso" ("The Curious Thief") and "Apparizione" ("Apparition") (both 1929).

===''Gli Indifferenti'' and Fascist ostracism===

In 1929, he published the novel ''Gli Indifferenti'', at his own expense of 5,000 Italian lira. Literary critics welcomed the novel as a noteworthy example of contemporary Italian narrative fiction.  The next year, he started collaborating with the newspaper ''La Stampa'', then edited by author Curzio Malaparte. In 1933, together with Mario Pannunzio, he founded the literary review magazines ''Caratteri'' ("Characters") and ''Oggi'' ("Today"), and started writing for the newspaper, ''La Gazzetta del Popolo''. 

The years leading to World War II were problematic; the Fascist regime seized ''La Mascherata'' ("Masquerade") (1941), prohibited reviews of ''Le Ambizioni Sbagliate'' (1935), and banned publication of ''Agostino'' (''Two Adolescents'') (1941). In 1935 he traveled to the United States to give a lecture series on Italian literature.

''L'imbroglio'' ("The Cheat") was published by allegoric genres, among the works is ''Il Sogno del Pigro'' ("The Dream of the Lazy"), however, the Fascist seizing of the second edition of ''La Mascherata'', in 1941, thereafter forced him to write under a pseudonym. That same year, he married the novelist Elsa Morante, whom he had met in 1936; they lived in Capri, where he wrote ''Agostino''.

After the Armistice of 8 September 1943, Moravia and Morante took refuge in Fondi, on the border of Ciociaria; the experience inspired ''La Ciociara'' ("The Woman of Ciociara") (1958).

===Return to Rome and national popularity===

In May 1944, after the liberation of Rome, Alberto Moravia returned and began collaborating with Corrado Alvaro, writing for important newspapers such as ''Il Mondo'' ("The World") and ''Il Corriere della Sera'' (The Evening Courier); the latter published his writing until his death.

At war's end, his popularity steadily increased, with works such as ''La Romana'' (''The Woman of Rome'') (1947), ''La Disubbidienza'' (''Disobedience'') (1948), ''L'Amore Coniugale e altri racconti'' ("Conjugal Love and other stories") (1949) and ''Il Conformista'' ("The Conformist") (1951). In 1952 he won the Premio Strega for ''I Racconti'', and his novels began to be translated abroad. That same year "La Provinciale"  was cinematically adapted by Mario Soldati; in 1954 Luigi Zampa directed ''La Romana'', and in 1955 Gianni Franciolini directed ''I Racconti Romani'' ("The Roman Stories") (1954) a short collection that won the Marzotto Award. In 1953, Moravia founded the literary magazine ''Nuovi Argomenti'' ("New Arguments"), which featured Pier Paolo Pasolini among its editors. 

In the 1950s, he wrote prefaces to works such as Belli's ''100 Sonnets'', Brancati's ''Paolo il Caldo'' and Stendhal's ''Roman Walks''. From 1957 onwards, he also reviewed and criticised cinema for the weekly magazine ''L'Espresso''; it is collected in the volume ''Al Cinema'' ("At the Cinema") (1975).