thumb|Ribiča na Kornatih
'''Ribolov''' je vrsta rib. Izraz se uporablja tudi za lovljenje drugih vodnih živali (raki, mehkužci, razni morski nevretenčarji ...) 

Ločimo:
*Gospodarski ribolov
*Športni ribolov

==Zgodovina==
thumb|Staroegipčanska freska ribiča
Arheološke najdbe pričajo, da je ribolov pomemben vir prehrane že od pradavnine. Morje, jezera, večje reke in potoki so prisilili ljudi k lovljenju rib za preživetje.
Prve najdbe ribiških priprav so stare okoli 10.000 let. Tudi ostanki ribjih kosti in stenske slike v jamah pričajo o tem, kako pomemben vir prehrane so bile ribe v zgodovini.
Na začetku so lovili na zelo preprost način; uporabljali so sulice, lovili so z rokami, gradili so celo preproste ograje ob potokih. S časom so izumili in kasneje tudi izdelovali trnke, vrvice, mreže, itd. Za lovljenje in prevoz  rib je bil potreben tudi čoln. Na začetku je bil to par metrov dolg čoln, dovolj velik za dva človeka in preostalo opremo. Kasneje so se razvile ladje, katere so imele sodobne mreže, električne naprave, sonerje, hladilnice za shranjevanje rib. Te so imeli tudi na kopnem.
Zaradi pojavljanja odvečnih količin rib in z razvojem vseh pripomočkov ter ladij se pojavi trgovina. Poleg tega se lahko razvije tudi ribja industrija. Gradijo se ribje tovarne.

==Gospodarski ribolov==
thumb|left|Sodobna ribiška ladja za gospodarski ribolov
Pri tej vrsti ribolova gre za lov z mrežami in ladjami, pa tudi z vršami in podobnimi pripravami. Za tem ribolovom stoji velika predelovalna industrija, ki pripravi ulov za tržišče. Pridelujejo ribe zaprte v konzervah začinjene ali predelane na različne načine, ribjo moko, katero uporabljajo kot hrano za domače živali. Ribe tudi sušijo za predelavo različnih namazov, npr. bakala ipd. 

'''Ribištvo v Sloveniji'''

V zadnjih dveh stoletijh je ribištvo v Sloveniji močno napredovalo. Z vedno večjimi ladjami in boljšo opremo so ulovili več rib. Zaradi tega se v  začetku 20.stol. v Izoli ustanovi ribiška industrija.
Prva tovarna  za predelavo rib v Izoli se imenuje Argo. Ležala je na območju sedanjega Arigonija. Ker so tedanji lastniki te tovarne uvideli, da je rib dovolj, so ustanovili tudi ribiško floto. To je skupina ribiških ladij, ki organizirano lovijo ribe. 
Tovarna za predelavo rib se je imenovala Ampelea (sedanji Delamaris). Zaradi tako velike tovarne, je bila potreba po sveži ribi vedno večja. Zato se je v sredini 20.stol. Izola ponašala z ribiško floto s 27-imi ribiškimi ladjami dolžine dvajset metrov in še enkarat toliko ribiškimi čolni dolžine sedem metrov. V tistem času je lahko ta flota ladij lovila ribe po celem Jadransekm morju. Te ladje so bile opremljene z takratno najsodobnejšo opremo za lovljenje rib; mreže, radarji, sonerji, agregatorji – za osvetljevanje morja ponoči (svetloba privablja ribe).
Tako kot so bile tovarne za predelavo rib odvisne od vsakodnevnega ulova, tako je bila ribiška flota odvisna od vzdrževanja ladij. Zaradi tega so v Izoli v tistem času ustanovili podjetje Riba (sedež poleg srednje gostinske šole), kjer so bili zaposleni ladijski mizarji, električarji, strojniki – mehaniki in izdelovalci mrež. Samo mizarjev je bilo sedemindvajset, torej za vsako ladjo eden. 

'''Ribištvo danes'''

Po razpadu države Jugoslavije in osamosvojitvi Slovenije je bilo organizirano lovljenje rib močno okrnjeno. To pa zato, ker je Slovenija izgubila večji del območja (morje) za lovljenje rib. S tem se je proizvodnja v tovarni Ampelea vsak dan bolj zmanjševala. Posledica tega je bila zmanjševanje ribiške flote in število delavcev v Ribi in Ampelei.
Tako imamo v Izoli sedaj samo še dve ribiški ladji, ki jih je Delamaris kupil v 80-ih letih prejšnjega stoletja, kot posodobitev stare flote. Poleg teh dveh (Delamaris 1 in Delamaris 2) je Izolska flota imela tudi Drogo1 in Drogo 2, ki pa so jih pred kratkim prodali hrvaškim ribičem.

:''For the computer security term, see Phishing.''
thumb|left|Stilts fishermen, [[Sri Lanka]]
'''Fishing''' is the activity of catching netting, trapping, hand gathering. 

The term fishing may be applied to catching other frogs, and some edible marine invertebrates. ''Fishing'' is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals such as whales, where the term "whaling" is more appropriate, or to commercial fish farming. 

In addition to providing food through harvesting fish, modern fishing is both a recreational and professional sport. 

According to wild fisheries was 14.4 kilograms, with an additional 7.4 kilograms harvested from fish farms.<ref>[http://www.fao.org/fishery/ FAO: Fisheries and Aquaculture]</ref>

== History ==

thumb|left|Stone Age [[fish hook made from bone.]]
thumb|right|Fishing , [[tacuinum sanitatis casanatensis (XIV century)]]
Fishing is an ancient practice that dates back at least to the shell middens,<ref>[http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/arch/middens/index.htm Coastal Shell Middens and Agricultural Origins in Atlantic Europe].</ref> discarded fish bones and cave paintings show that sea foods were important for survival and consumed in significant quantities. During this period, most people lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle and were, of necessity, constantly on the move. However, where there are early examples of permanent settlements (though not necessarily permanently occupied) such as those at Lepenski Vir, they are almost always associated with fishing as a major source of food.
thumb|right|Egyptians bringing in fish, and splitting for salting.
The ancient river Dravidian Tamil kingdom, were known for the pearl fishery as early as the 1st century BC. Their seaport pearl fishing. The Oppian of Corycus, a Greek author wrote a major treatise on sea fishing, the ''Halieulica'' or ''Halieutika'', composed between 177 and 180. This is the earliest such work to have survived to the modern day. Pictorial evidence of Roman fishing comes from Neptune is depicted as wielding a fishing trident. The Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera.'' New York: Thames and Hudson, 1997.</ref>

One of the world’s longest trading histories is the trade of dry cod from the Lofoten area of Norway to the southern parts of Europe, Italy, Spain and Portugal. The trade in cod started during the Viking period or before, has been going on for more than 1000 years and is still important.

==Traditional fishing==

Traditional fishing is a term used to describe small scale commercial or subsistence fishing practices, using traditional techniques such as rod and tackle, arrows and harpoons, throw nets and drag nets, etc.

== Recreational fishing ==
thumb|right|[[Angling.]]

rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits. The practice of catching or attempting to catch fish with a hook is known as angling. In angling, it is sometimes expected or required that fish be returned to the water (catch and release). Recreational or sport fishermen may log their catches or participate in fishing competitions.  

Big-game fishing describes fishing from boats to catch large open-water species such as tuna, sharks and marlin. Sport fishing (sometimes game fishing) describes recreational fishing where the primary reward is the challenge of finding and catching the fish rather than the culinary or financial value of the fish's flesh. Fish sought after include marlin, tuna, tarpon, sailfish, shark and mackerel.

==Techniques==
Fishermen with traditional fish traps, [[Hà Tây, thumb

There are many techniques for fishing. Fishermen may use hooks and fishing line.  Fishing nets, fish traps, and trap nets may be used to capture fish. Lobster and crab pots use a similar method. Hand fishing consists of fishing with the hands or through the use of minimal equipment. In spear fishing, the fish is killed using an ordinary spear or a specialized variant thereof. Closely related to spear fishing is bow fishing. Trained animals can assist in fishing; one notable example is Asian cormorant fishing. 

Kite fishing allows the fisherman to cast far into the water, even without a boat. Dredging is sometimes used to collect scallops or oysters from the seabed. Poisonous plants can be used to stun fish so that they become easy to collect by hand; cyanide is also sometimes used for fishing. Other fishing techniques include electrofishing and seining, driftnetting, handlining, longlining, dragging, tiling, and diving.

==Tackle==
thumb|right|An [[angler on the Kennet and Avon Canal, England, with his tackle.]]

Almost any equipment or gear used when fishing can be called '''fishing tackle'''. Some examples of tackle are lures and lines, rods and reels, nets and trawls, gaffs and floats, and traps.

Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line, such as hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers and snaps, is called '''terminal tackle'''.

==The fishing industry==

Fishing industries are industries concerned with taking, culturing, processing, preserving, storing, transporting, marketing or selling fish or fish products. They include subsistence fishing, commercial supports for processing, and marketing sectors.<ref>FAO Fisheries Section: Glossary: [http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary/default.asp ''Fishing industry.''] Retrieved 28 May 2008.</ref>

====Commercial fishing====
thumb|right|A [[Commercial trawler|trawler leaving the port of Ullapool, north-west Scotland.]]

Commercial fishing catches fish for eating. Those who practice it must often pursue fish far into the ocean under adverse conditions. Commercial fishermen harvest almost all aquatic species, from fisheries for these species. Commercial fishing methods have become very efficient using large nets and Individual fishing quotas) and international treaties seek to control the species and quantities caught.

A commercial fishing enterprise may vary from one man with a small boat with hand-casting nets or a few pot traps, to a huge fleet of trawlers processing tons of fish every day.
Commercial fishermen in Alaska, early 20th century|thumb

Commercial fishing gear includes nets (e.g. purse seine), seine nets (e.g. bottom trawl), dredges, hooks and lines (e.g. long line and handline), lift nets, traps.

According to the capture fisheries production in 2000 was 86 million tons (FAO 2002). The top producing countries were, in order, the People's Republic of China (excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan), Peru, Japan, the United States, Chile, Indonesia, Russia, India, Thailand, Norway and Iceland. Those countries accounted for more than half of the world's production; China alone accounted for a third of the world's production. Of that production, over 90% was marine and less than 10% was inland.